
Text of April 1994 CTC News (Vol. 6, Number 2)


A I R W A V E S


By Bob Blaszczak 
CTC Co-Chair, OAQPS

     I bet you thought I was a little nuts starting my last
AIRWAVES article with  Happy New Year.   After all it was April
when you got it, even though it was the January edition of the CTC
NEWS.  Yes, we are again having problems coordinating printing
activities.  This time a five day turnaround printing job took 50
days.  When I finally got the message on March 31 that the job was
done and in the mail, I though it might be a premature and sadistic
April Fool's joke.  It looks like the administration's efforts to
streamline the federal bureaucracy have a lot to work with.  You ll
also notice that we re now using bulk mail.  This will lower our
costs but may slow delivery.  Keep the faith!  Things will get
better...... eventually.
     The CTC received a package from Santa on February 15.  You
might think that that s a little late, but this was from Liz Santa
with the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LA DEQ),
and FAT TUESDAY, the day before Ash Wednesday, was right on time. 
Liz has been sending a traditional Mardi Gras party kit to a very
appreciative CTC staff for the past several years.  The kits
include a  King s Cake,  Mardi Gras beads, and other party favors. 
Thanks for your thoughtfulness, Liz, and everyone else at the LA
DEQ.  We re pleased to serve and happy to know our efforts are
appreciated.   Laissez les bon temps rouler! 
     Thank you for all the CTC project requests.  Unfortunately,
pending CTC Steering Committee decisions, your requests may exceed
available CTC funds.  Don t let that scare you away.  There are no
guarantees that all the projects requested will be approved.  You
may have a better idea or a more critical problem, or you may want
to start planning for a project using FY95 funds.  Keep those
project requests coming into the CTC.  We are interested
particularly in joint ventures where we can leverage our limited
resources to accomplish a better product.  
     We have a couple of new staff additions.  Ray Morrison, who
retired from EPA s Pollutant Assessment Branch in 1989, has joined
the OAQPS CTC staff as a senior environmental employee.  Ray is a
chemical engineer with lots of good experience.  He will be helping
out on the HOTLINE and improvements to the RACT/BACT/LAER
Clearinghouse (RBLC).  
     Mary O Briant, Office Manager for the Stratospheric Ozone
Protection Branch, AEERL, has oined the OAQPS CTC staff on a 90-day
detail.  Mary has a dynamic personality and a reputation for
getting things done.  She will be working on the Small Business
Assistance Program (SBAP) Leadership Grants and other SBAP
coordination issues.  Welcome on board!  We can sure use the help. 

     The CTC s FAX number has changed.  We now have our own
dedicated machine!  The new FAX number is (919) 541-0242.  Please
use this new number to FAX information to the RBLC and Federal SBAP
too.  Both are part of the CTC family of service centers.
     Have a good day and enjoy the NEWS!


===================================================================



MERCURY EMISSIONS FROM LAMP CRUSHING 

By Bob Blaszczak
CTC Co-Chair 

     The CTC has completed  Evaluation of Mercury Emissions from
Fluorescent Lamp Crushing,  EPA-453/R-94-018.  This project
evaluates the processing of spent fluorescent lamps and technology
to control mercury emissions from these processes.
     About 500 million fluorescent lamps were manufactured in 1991
and production is expected to increase substantially over time as
a result of EPA s Green Lights program.  A typical four-foot
Fluorescent lamp contains about 41 mg of mercury.  The amount of
mercury emitted to the atmosphere depends on how a spent lamp is
handled.  If lamps are broken in a garbage truck on-route to a
landfill, most of the mercury can find its way into the atmosphere. 
However, if spent lamps are packed in corrugated containers,
delivered to a landfill in enclosed vans or trailers, and placed in
the fill with minimal breakage, practically all the mercury would
be retained in the landfill.
     Recovery of mercury is desirable to reduce the net amount of
mercury ultimately released to the environment.  The recovery
process begins with crushing the lamps to extract the white sulfur
powder which contains the bulk of the mercury.  This powder is then
put into a mercury retort furnace to recover elemental mercury.  
     Many small crushing operations use a device that fits on top
of a 55 gallon collection drum.  Even well-covered crushers of this
type may cause mercury concentrations in the air of about 0.3
mg/m3, well in excess of the OSHA limit of 0.05 mg/m3.  Larger
well-controlled systems use vacuum collection systems to prevent
release of mercury from lamp feed systems.  Cyclones, HEPA filters,
and carbon absorbers are used to treat emissions.  This type of
collection and control system can keep emissions well below the
OSHA limit and provide a 90 percent or greater reduction in mercury
emissions.
     Copies of this report are downloadable from the CTC BBS in
both WordPerfect and ASCII format.  State and local agencies can
call the CTC HOTLINE for a hard copy.  


===================================================================



Mine Site Remediation Seminars

      A seminar series,  Managing Environmental Problems at
Inactive and Abandoned Metals Mine Sites,  is being sponsored
jointly by EPA's Center for Environmental Research Information and
Risk Reduction Engineering Lab. The primary goal of this 2-day
technology transfer seminar is to increase public awareness of
environmental problems at inactive mine sites and provide
information on practical approaches to manage effectively these
problems. The major focus of the seminar will be on remediation and
management techniques.
     The target audience includes all individuals associated with
or interested in the management (e.g., source control, pathway
interrupt, and treatment) of mining wastes from inactive mining
sites such as mining company owner/operators, environmental
specialists, public lands administrators, federal and state
regulators, and citizens associated with environmental or other
groups concerned about mining wastes. No registration fee is
charged for attendance at these seminars.
     For further information, contact Deborah Kanter at Eastern
Research Group, Inc., 110 Hartwell Ave., Lexington, MA 02173-3198.
Telephone: 617/674-7620 Fax: 617/674-2906.

Seminar Dates and Locations

August 8-9, 1994         Butte, MT
November 15-16, 1994     Denver, CO
November 17-18, 1994     Sacramento, CA

========================================================================


HAP-PRO 1.2  is Here!

     The Hazardous Air Pollutant PROgram (HAP-PRO) version 1.2 is
now available.  The basic HAP-PRO version 1.1 was previously
upgraded by the use of an expert review system for the carbon
adsorber.  Now it has been further upgraded with expert review
systems for thermal and catalytic incineration.  This upgrade will
recommend changes in system design parameters to minimize cost. 
HAP-PRO will now allow the user to also change the value of these
parameters to verify minimum cost.
     The destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) in the new 
incineration modules is now calculated for residence time and
temperature using relationships that give a conservative estimate
for most applications.  A warning is given that acids and
halogenated products may be produced during the incineration of
halides.
     The CTC is making every effort to make HAP-PRO more relevant
and user-friendly.  In the future, new control devices will be
added, and hybrid control devices will be evaluated.


===================================================================



INTERNATIONAL Hazardous Material Spills Conference

     Buffalo, NY, is hosting the 1994 International Hazardous
Material Spills Conference from October 31 through November 3,
1994.  The Hyatt Regency Hotel and the Convention Center in Buffalo
are the sites for this biannual conference.  The sponsors include:
The National Response Team, The National Governors  Association,
The Chemical Manufacturers Association, and the American Institute
of Chemical Engineers in cooperation with the Canadian Producers
Association and the New York State Emergency Response Commission.
     If your work requires knowledge of hazardous materials safety
and how to prevent, prepare for, and respond to hazardous materials
accidents, then you don t want to miss this conference.
     Registration materials will be available in the near future. 
To ensure that you are on the mailing list, contact Angela Moody
(703) 442-9824.  If you have questions regarding the conference
contact Sarah Bauer (202) 260-8247. 


=====================================================================



Hazardous Waste Combustion Seminar Publication

      The seminar publication, "Operational Parameters for
Hazardous Waste Combustion Devices," contains information presented
at a series of seminars conducted by EPA's Center for Environmental
Research Information (CERI) in August and September 1992. In
addition, a copy of the Draft Combustion Strategy issued by
Administrator Carol Browner in May 1993 is included as an appendix. 
Operational parameters affecting efficient operation of devices
designed and/or used to treat hazardous wastes are discussed and
regulatory authority for requiring certain parameters is
referenced. Some discussion of expected revisions to incinerator
requirements for emissions is also included.
     Three types of hazardous waste combustion devices are
regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA):
incinerators, boilers, and industrial furnaces.  Different
standards apply to incinerators than to boilers and industrial
furnaces. Incinerator regulations were promulgated in January 1981,
with many subsequent amendments. They are codify in the Title 40,
Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 264 and 265, (40 CFR 264,
265). Boiler and industrial furnace regulations were promulgated on
February 21, 1992, with subsequent technical amendments. They are
codified in 40 CFR 260, et seq.
     Only enclosed devices with direct flame are considered
incinerators. Thermal treatment devices are not enclosed and do not
have a direct flame. Boiler and industrial furnaces are considered
miscellaneous units. To be classified as an industrial furnace, a
device must be listed in the regulation and produce a marketable
product; only twelve types of devices have been classified as
industrial furnaces eligible to treat hazardous wastes. Definitions
for all three types of hazardous waste treatment devices are listed
in Section 260.10 of 40 CFR 260.
     To order a free copy of this report, call CERI at (513) 569-
7562 and request report number EPA-625/R-93-008.


===================================================================


Fugitive VOC Handbook

      The recent handbook,  Control Techniques for Fugitive VOC
Emissions from Chemical Process Facilities,  contains information
concerning volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from: the
synthetic organic chemicals manufacturing industry (SOCMI);
petroleum refineries; on-shore natural gas processing plants;
polymer manufacturing plants; equipment that emits benzene; and
manufacturing plants that process one or more polymers containing
any fraction of polymerized vinyl chloride. Explanations of
regulations that apply to small-to medium-sized industries are
contained in the handbook; however, the more stringent requirements
of the hazardous organic national emission standards for hazardous
air pollutants (HON) are not discussed extensively in this
handbook. The control procedures discussed for emissions from these
facilities are applicable to any size facility, but the application
of control practices may have to be more stringent to comply with
new requirements.
      The handbook provides guidance in applying control strategies
to comply with regulations that apply to chemical process
facilities. Three main types of standards are applied to fugitive
emissions from chemical process facilities. These are: performance
standards, equipment practices, and work practices. Each of these
have their place and may be applied parallel to achieve the
necessary reductions of fugitive emissions. This handbook outlines
the requirements and procedures to apply these strategies.
     To order a free copy of this report, call EPA s Center for
Environmental Research (CERI) at (513) 569-7562 and request
document number EPA-625/R-93-005.


====================================================================



OIL SUPPRESSION OF PM EMISSIONS FROM GRAIN ELEVATORS

     Release of this CTC report had been delayed pending resolution
of issues that arose after project completion.  The project was to
include original test data provided by others to document the
effectiveness of oil suppression.  These data were not provided. 
Existing available test data are not conclusive; that is, the data
does not adequately define emission factors for grain elevators
using oil suppression.  The CTC has decided to revise the existing
report to reflect the comments and issues raised and to provide
information that is available on this promising technology.  This
report will be made available in about three months.  However, in
cooperation with the Small Business Assistance Program (SBAP), the
CTC is pursuing more definitive data involving site testing of oil
suppression technology at grain elevators.  We will keep you
informed about our progress..


======================================================================



CTC Expert on Particulate Controls: Dr. Norman Plaks


By Lisa Florer
Acurex Environmental Corporation

     Dr. Norman Plaks  impressive career has added significantly to
the current knowledge base on particulate controls.  Norm,
currently a senior research engineer with EPA s Air and Energy
Engineering Research Laboratory (AEERL), is one of the CTC s
experts on particulate controls, particularly electrostatically
enhanced particulate control technologies.
     After serving with the U.S. Army, Norm returned to his native
New York where he earned his bachelor s degree in chemical
engineering from Pratt Institute in 1959.  Norm landed his first
job at General Electric where he developed cooling systems for
missile and airborne electronic equipment.  In 1962, Norm took a
job with the Linde Division of Union Carbide where he developed,
designed, and installed insulation systems for large liquid
hydrogen tanks used in the growing space industry.  He also
developed a product line of cryogenically cooled adsorption vacuum
pumps.  During his work at GE and Union Carbide, Norm continued his
education by completing classes in chemical and electrical
engineering graduate programs.
     In 1965, Norm decided to leave New York for a position with
Aerojet-General Corporation in Azusa, CA.  As a senior engineer
with Aerojet, Norm worked on several groundbreaking projects
including developing and demonstrating a process for storing oxygen
as a cryogenic solid for breathing in space.  He also engineered
cryogenic and high vacuum systems for the world s largest space
simulation chamber for testing whole infrared sensing satellites.
     Norm s career changed technical direction when, in 1968, he
joined the National Air Pollution Control Administration (a EPA
predecessor) in Cincinnati to work in and later manage the
Industrial Processes Section.  Here, he directed a program to
develop air pollution control technologies for many industrial
sources.  Norm then served as Chief of AEERL s Metallurgical
Processes Branch until 1980.  As such, he technically managed the
EPA s extramural research program to develop and demonstrate
control technologies for the iron and steel industry.  He
established co-funded projects with the American Iron and Steel
Institute and individual iron and steel companies to develop air
pollution control for cokemaking, sintering, blast furnaces, basic
oxygen and electric steel furnaces, rolling mils, plating, and
other processes.  Also, during this time, Norm represented the
United States in several United Nations and United States/Soviet
Union environmental programs.
     As the environmental issues of the early  80s diverged, Norm
focused his technical knowledge on particulate control technologies
as Chief of AEERL s Particulate Control Branch.  Not only did he
manage the EPA particulate control technology program, but he
helped bring the program international recognition for its
groundbreaking research and development.  Norm co-invented E-SOx a
patented retrofit acid rain control process for use with
electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) and electrostatically enhanced
fabric filtration (ESFF).  He led the development of widely used
mathematical models for performance prediction and troubleshooting
of particle control processes and personally developed an
engineering performance prediction model for the ESFF processes. 
Keeping internationally active, Norm participated in significant
research collaboration with private, governmental, and industrial
organizations, and academia in the United States, Japan, England,
Denmark, Italy, Australia, and the former Soviet Union.  For his
work in particulate control, he received an EPA Bronze Metal in
1986.   Also during this period, he received a Ph.D. from the
University of Tokyo working under Professor Senichi Masuda, a world
renowned researcher in electrostatic applications.  His
dissertation was  Fabric Filtration with Particle Charging and
Collection in a Combined Electric and Flow Field.  
     Changing directions again in 1987, Norm became Chief of the
AEERL s Air Toxics Control Branch, whose work included EPA s then
embryonic Control Technology Center (CTC).  A year later, with the
CTC up and running and a desire to return to particulate control
technology development, he decided one more change was in order.
     Having spent nearly 20 years in management, Norm decided to
roundout his career with hands-on technical research as a senior
research engineer.  Since 1988, Norm has conceived and developed
several breakthrough electrostatic and electrostatically enhanced
particulate technologies.  Norm s novel work in this area has been
described in more than 50 publications and presentations and five
patents, with several more in process.  Included in this work is
the ESP with alternating charging and short collector sections  
nicknamed the Super ESP   which is a much improved ESP with
extremely high collection efficiencies in a small space.  Norm
explained that ESPs can always be made better by making them
bigger; however, the advantage of the Super ESP is that it is
better, not bigger.   Norm is also co-inventor of the Retrofitted
Electrostatic Filter (REF) in which an ESFF unit replaces the last
field of an ESP to provide greatly improved fine particle
collection.  These and other patents will shortly be licensed by
EPA and commercialized in the private sector.  
     Norm is still involved with designing and troubleshooting ESPs
and electrostatic filtration by means of advanced computer
modeling.  He was awarded an EPA Office of Research and Development
Category I Scientific Achievement Award for an individually
authored paper published on ESFF modeling  in the Journal of
Electrostatics in 1990.
     Throughout his career with EPA, Norm has assisted the CTC with
HOTLINE calls from industry and government, international and
domestic agencies, as well as individuals because of his reputation
in particulate controls.  The CTC calls keep Norm up-to-date on
issues and problems, especially those not being emphasized in
current research because EPA s R&D is moving into new areas and
thus de-emphasizing traditional pollutants such as particulates. 
     Despite such a distinguished career, Norm s life is not all
work with no play.  His hobbies include everything from amateur
radio (his call letters are KN4G) to building model steam engines. 
Having recently celebrated their fortieth wedding anniversary, Norm
and his wife, Doris, live in Raleigh.


=====================================================================


BEYOND RACT

     The ongoing CTC project to identify and evaluate state and
local RACT rules that may exceed EPA pre-1990 (Clean Air Act
Amendments) CTG requirements is being delayed.  This project,
requested by the Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium, was
dependent on EPA regional contacts to focus CTC efforts on
appropriate rules.  This process did not work as well as hoped and,
as a result, the CTC will require additional time to consider
certain California district rules.  Because the information in this
report may be very important to certain agencies considering more
stringent RACT rules for these source categories, the CTC will
provide copies of the draft report to state and local agencies upon
request.  Just call the HOTLINE and ask for the draft Beyond RACT
report.


=====================================================================


Technology Notebook

What Is the Diameter 
of a Particle?


By Lyndon S. Cox
Senior Environmental Employee

     There are several measures of the equivalent diameter of a
particle.  To understand this, one must first recognize that, in
general, a particle does not have a singular diameter.  That means
that the particle is seldom, if ever, a sphere.  It could be that
the particle is either irregular or a dendrite, with an aspect
ratio of the largest to the smallest dimension.  If the particle is
elliptical instead of spherical, the equivalent diameter would be
less than the major principal axis and greater than the minor
principal axis.  Often particles are irregular with rough surfaces
and unequal dimensions in different directions.  The exception to
this is liquid droplets, especially those less than 10 micrometers
(or microns) in diameter, which are smoothed by surface tension and
are often nearly spherical.
     According to William Hinds author of Aerosol Technology,  An
equivalent diameter is the diameter of the sphere that would have
the same value of a particular physical property as that of the
irregular particle. 
     Commonly defined measures of equivalent particle diameter
include:
     1. The Stokes diameter is the diameter of a spherical particle
that has the same density and settling velocity as the particle -
in a laminar flow region.  
     2. The aerodynamic diameter is the diameter of the water
droplet that has the same settling velocity as the particle in air.
     3. The free-falling diameter is the diameter of a sphere
having the same density and free-fall velocity as the particle in
a fluid of the same density and viscosity.
     4. The volume diameter is the diameter of a sphere having the
same volume as the particle.
     5. The surface diameter is the diameter of a sphere having the
same surface area as the particle.
     6. The surface-volume diameter is the diameter of a sphere
having the same surface to volume ratio as the particle.  This is
related to the Sauter mean diameter which is the diameter of a
sphere having the same surface to volume ratio as the distribution
of particles.
     7. The drag diameter is the diameter of a sphere having the
same resistance to motion as the particle in a fluid of the same
viscosity and velocity.
     8. The projected area diameter i the diameter of a circle
having the same area as the projected area of the particle.  This
is further subdivided into when the particle is a) resting in a
stable position, or 2) in a random orientation.
     9. The perimeter diameter is the diameter of a circle having
the same perimeter length as the projected outline of the particle.
     10. The sieve diameter is the width of the minimum square
aperture through which the particle will pass.
     11. The Feret s diameter is the mean value of the distance
between parallel lines tangent to the outline of the particle.
     12. The Martin s diameter is the mean chord length of the
projected outline of the particle. 
     As you can see, there are many definitions of the particle
diameter.  Depending upon the definition chosen, a given particle
can have an equivalent diameter varying by a factor of about two.


====================================================================



SAGE Model is Available on CTC BBS!

The Solvent Alternative GuidE (SAGE) model version 2.0 is now
available in the Downloading area of the CTC BBS!  SAGE is designed
to provide recommendations for solvent replacements in cleaning and
degreasing operations.  The system leads the user through a
question-and-answer session.  Based on the user's responses, a list
of  alternative chemistries and processes is derived.  For
information on how to tie into the CTC BBS, see the CTC Assistance
box on the last page of this newsletter.

=====================================================================


SMALL BUSINESS UPDATE

Deborah M. Elmore
Federal SBAP Coordinator, CTC/OAQPS


MARK YOUR CALENDARS !!

November 1994

     The National Roundtable of the State Pollution Prevention
Programs will be holding their fall meeting on November 2-4, 1994,
in Minneapolis.  In cooperation with EPA s Pollution Prevention
Division, the Roundtable is including a  Special Agenda  designed
specifically for State Section 507 Small Business Programs.  Don t
miss it!


Early 1995

     Plans are now under way for the Second Annual National Small
Business Ombudsman/Technical Assistance Conference, to be held in
late January or early February 1995.  This combined meeting will
feature an improved format and an exciting new location! 
Suggestions are welcome.



STAY TUNED FOR MORE INFORMATION !!


=========================================================================



MACT, CTG, NSPS, ACT and Title I Rule Schedules**

May 1, 1994

MACT STANDARD                 Proposal  Final
Aerospace (coatings)          7/31/94   7/31/95
Asbestos MACT/GACT            6/95      6/96
Asbestos Litigation           *1/01/93  ***
Benzene Waste NESHAP Lit.     *3/05/92  *1/07/93
Chromium Electroplating       *12/16/93 11/23/94
Coke Ovens                    *12/04/92 10/27/93
Commercial Sterilizers        2/28/94   11/23/94
Degreasing (Hal. Sol. Clean.) *11/29/93 11/09/94
Dry Cleaning                  *12/09/91 *9/22/93
Haz. Organic NESHAP (HON)     *12/31/92 2/28/94
Haz. Waste TSDF Phase II      *7/22/91  9/15/94
Haz. Waste TSDF Phase III     Schedule under revision
Ind. Cooling Towers           *8/12/93  7/22/94
Magnetic Tape Coating         2/28/94   11/23/94
Marine Vessel (load/unload)   4/30/94   4/30/95
Mun. Waste Comb. II & III     9/01/94   9/01/95
Off-site Waste Operations     10/01/94  10/15/94
Petroleum Refineries          6/30/94   6/30/95
Polymers & Resins I           Schedule under revision
Polymers & Resins II          4/30/94   2/28/95
Polymers & Resins III         Schedule under revision
Polymers & Resins IV          3/15/95   3/15/96
Pulp & Paper (combustion)     2/27/95   4/29/95
Pulp & Paper (non-comb.)      *10/29/93 9/30/95
Secondary Lead Smelters       5/31/94   5/31/95
Shipbuilding (coatings)       Schedule under revision
Stage I Gasoline Distr.       2/08/94   11/23/94
Wood Furniture Coating        Under Regulatory Neg.

CTG****                  Proposal  Final
Aerospace Coatings       7/31/94   on Hold
Industrial Wastewater    *12/29/93 on Hold
Offset Lithography       *11/08/93 on Hold
Plastic Parts Coating    1/31/94   on Hold
Shipbuilding (coating)   Schedule Under Review
Batch Processes*12/27/93  on Hold
SOCMI Dist. & Reactors   *12/12/91 *8/15/93
VOL Storage              *12/02/93 on Hold
Wood Furniture Coating   Under Regulatory Neg.

ACT                                Final
Bakeries (VOC/O-HAPS)              *12/92
Carbon Regeneration (VOC/O-HAPS)   *12/92
Gas Turbines (NOx)                 *11/20/92
Cement Manufacturing (NOx)         4/94
Glass Manufacturing (NOx)          5/94
IC Engines (NOx)                   *7/28/93
Industrial Boilers (NOx)           4/94
Industrial Clean-up Solvents       2/22/94
Iron & Steel (NOx)                 8/94
Nitric/Adipic Acid (NOx)           *11/18/91
Pesticide Application              3/93
Plywood/Particle Board (PM10)      Schedule Under 
                                   Development
Process Heaters (NOx)              *2/26/93
Utility Boilers (NOx)              3/94

NSPS                          Proposal  Final
Degreaser NSPS8/31/948/31/95
Elec. Utility Gen. Rev. (NOx) 5/30/94   9/15/95
Landfill NSPS & 111(d)        *5/30/91  9/15/94
Med. Waste Inc. NSPS & 111(d) 2/01/95   4/15/96
NOx NSPS Revision (407(c))    5/30/94   4/30/95
SO2 NSPS Revision                  Canceled
SOCMI Reactor NSPS            *6/29/90  *8/31/93
SOCMI Sec. Sources NSPS       6/29/94   8/31/95
Starch Mfg. Industry NSPS     8/31/94   8/31/95

Title I Rules (Sec. 183(e))   Proposal  Final
Arch./Ind. Coatings           Under regulatory Neg.
Auto Refinishing              Schedule under Development
Consumer Products List        N/A       9/30/95



NOTE: 
* Indicates date completed    
** All schedules are tentative and subject to change without
notice.
***Schedule to be determined by litigation/negotiation.   
****ACT s will be issued for most CTG categories by April 1994.



=====================================================================



OAQPS  CONTROL  COST  MANUAL   SUPPLEMENT  AVAILABLE

By William M. Vatavuk
CEIS/SDB/ESD, OAQPS


     The Cost and Economic Impact Section (SDB/ESD) has recently
completed the third supplement to the OAQPS Control Cost Manual
(Fourth Edition, January 1990).  This supplement (EPA
450/3-90-006c) consists of a new chapter, Chapter 10 ( Hoods,
Ductwork, and Stacks ).  Like the other Manual chapters, Supplement
3 is unbound, to make it easier to insert the pages into a
three-ring binder.   
     Also like the other chapters, Chapter 10 is self-contained. It
discusses: (1) the types of hoods, ductwork, and stacks used to
support add-on air pollution control devices; (2) the theory
underlying the operation and design of these auxiliaries; (3) basic
sizing procedures; and (4) procedures and current (1993) data for
estimating capital and annual costs.  
     Among the valuable material in the chapter 10 are equipment
costs for: canopy, push-pull, side-draft, and backdraft hoods;
straight ductwork (circular and square); 90  elbows; butterfly,
louvered, and blast gate dampers; and short (up to 100-foot)
stacks.  In addition, the prices of each type of equipment reflect
at least two kinds of fabrication materials such as carbon and 304
stainless steel (plate and sheet types), FRP (fiberglass-reinforced
plastic), and PVC (polyvinyl chloride).  Each set of costs has been
correlated against some sizing parameter (e.g., diameter for
ductwork and stacks) to yield easy-to-use, single-independent
variable equations.  The prices obtained from these equations are
accurate to within study estimate limits (+ 30 percent).    
     Chapter 10 also includes several example problems.  Each
illustrates an equipment sizing or costing procedure, so as to ake
it easier to apply to actual estimating situations.  Finally, the
chapter contains a table of contents and a list of references.  
     Upon request, copies of the supplement will be sent to EPA and
State/local agency personnel.  Call the CTC HOTLINE.



=====================================================================


BLIS EDITING ON YOUR OWN PC

By Jo Ann Kerrick
VGYAN

     The CTC has developed a stand-alone version of the
RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse Information System (BLIS) Edit module
for entering new determinations.  It is simple to install and use
and eliminates some of the drawbacks users experience with the
on-line Edit module.  The stand-alone editor can not be used to
edit determinations previously entered into the on-line BLIS data
base.
     The existing on-line Edit module allows designated users to
enter and update their agencies  RACT/BACT/LAER determinations
directly, rather than completing and mailing input forms to EPA. 
The on-line version also allows users to share the latest
determinations from the moment they are entered into the system. 
However, on-line access requires a communication path   either a
modem or direct dial or Internet connection   and a related cost. 
Response time may also seem slow as BLIS users compete with other
users accessing the ever-growing number of TTN applications.  The
new stand-alone Edit module avoids these communication problems.
     The stand-alone BLIS Editor is available to anyone who
normally inputs determinations for their agency.  All you need is
a PC with a hard drive.  Obtain a copy of the BLIS Editor by
downloading it from the BLIS BBS Documents/Software section or call
the CTC HOTLINE to request a diskette copy.  Either way, no special
software licenses are required.  The BLIS Editor includes an
installation program and documentation plus a compressed version of
the system files.  Use the installation program to create a
directory on your hard drive and decompress the files.  (For help,
refer to the Quick Reference sheet).  
     To access the Editor type  BLISEDIT.   The BLIS Editor
contains options to edit determinations and to prepare
determination data files for uploading (see Figure 1).  In general,
the system operates just like the Edit module on the TTN.  If you
have any questions about what to enter, press <F1> for
context-sensitive help or refer to the BLIS User s Manual.  Select
the editing option when you want to add a new determination or edit
the one you entered earlier.  When you add a determination, the
stand-alone BLIS Editor assigns a temporary BLIS ID.  Use these IDs
if you need to update determinations entered on your local PC. 
Permanent BLIS IDs will be assigned by the BLIS System
Administrator when your data are added to the on-line ata base. 
Make as many additions or changes as you like with the BLIS Editor. 
You can even add processes (something you cannot do on the TTN). 
All data are local to your PC until you transfer your files to the
BLIS System Administrator.
     Periodically, you should send your determinations to the BLIS
System Administrator for review and inclusion in the BLIS transient
database on the BBS.  The BLIS Editor has an option to prepare your
files for uploading.  This option compresses the data files into a
single ZIP file.  (Be sure PKZIP is in the search path defined by
the PATH environment variable on your PC).  After you run this
option, you can either send the compressed data files by TTN E-mail
or conventional mail to the BLIS System Administrator.
     If you wish to enter new data on your local PC, use the
stand-alone BLIS Editor.  Look for it on the BLIS BBS, or order it
from the CTC HOTLINE.  Try it out the next time you have a new
determination.  For more information, call the BLIS System
Administrator at (919) 541-2736.


=====================================================================


Control Technology Center NEWS


The CTC NEWS is a quarterly publication of the U.S.EPA s Control
Technology Center (CTC).  The CTC is an informal, easy-to-use, no
cost, technical assistance service for all State and local (S/l)
air pollution control agency and EPA Regional Office staffs.  For
others, some services may be on a cost reimbursable basis.  The CTC
offers quick access to EPA experts and expertise via the CTC
HOTLINE and the CTC Bulletin Board, and in-depth technical support
through source specific Engineering Assistance Projects or more
generic Technical Guidance Projects.  The CTC is operated by the
Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, Office of Research
and Development, and the Emission Standards Division, Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards in Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina.
     If you have any air pollution emission or control questions,
or would like more information about the CTC and the types of
technical assistance available, CALL THE CTC HOTLINE!

(919) 541-0800

Publication of the CTC NEWS does not signify that the contents
necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S.EPA, nor does
the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.


=========================================================================



CTC ASSISTANCE

No cost assistance to staff of State and Local agencies and EPA
Regional Offices on air pollution control technology issues.

CTC HOTLINE:  CALL (919) 541-0800 to access EPA expert staff for
consultations, references to pertinent literature, or access to EPA
technical data and analyses.  Fax:  (919) 541-0242

ENGINEERING ASSISTANCE PROJECTS:  If you need in-depth assistance
concerning a specific control technology problem, call the  HOTLINE
or write the CTC.  EPA staff and contractors are available for
short-term projects such as review of proposed or existing control
technology applications.  Projects are subject to CTC Steering
Committee approval.

TECHNICAL GUIDANCE PROJECTS:  If the CTC receives a number of
similar HOTLINE calls or a joint request from a group of agencies,
the CTC Steering Committee may undertake broad,  long-term projects
of national or regional interest.  The result may be a control
technology document for a particular type of source, microcomputer
software, or seminars and workshops.

CTC BBS:Call (919) 541-5742 for 1200/2400/9600 baud modem to access
the CTC Bulletin Board.  Set communications parameters to 8 data
bits, N parity, and 1 stop bit, and use a terminal emulation of
VT100, VT102, or ANSI.  You may leave HOTLINE requests, order
documents, suggest projects, and download software.  The BBS is
part of the OAQPS Technology Transfer Network (TTN).

FEDERAL SMALL BUSINESS ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (FSBAP):  Call the CTC
HOTLINE to access the FSBAP.  The CTC is the focal point for
coordination of efforts among the four EPA centers participating in
the program.  The Federal program is intended to support State
Small Business Assistance Programs, as required by the Clean Air
Act.

RACT/BACT/LAER CLEARINGHOUSE (RBLC):  The RBLC database (BLIS) is
available on the OAQPS TTN BBS.  (See the CTC BBS for connection
information.) The Clearinghouse provides summary information for
control technology determinations made by permitting agencies.

GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GASES TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER (GGGTTC): Call
the CTC HOTLINE to access GGGTTC information on greenhouse gas
emissions, prevention, mitigation, and control strategies.


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END OF ISSUE

