Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Here’s how you know

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

HTTPS

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Emergency

This is not the current EPA website. To navigate to the current EPA website, please go to www.epa.gov. This website is historical material reflecting the EPA website as it existed on January 19, 2025. This website is no longer updated and links to external websites and some internal pages may not work. More information »

    • Environmental Topics
    • Air
    • Bed Bugs
    • Cancer
    • Chemicals, Toxics, and Pesticide
    • Climate Change
    • Emergency Response
    • Environmental Information by Location
    • Environmental Justice
    • Greener Living
    • Health
    • Land, Waste, and Cleanup
    • Lead
    • Mold
    • Radon
    • Research
    • Science Topics
    • Water Topics
    • A-Z Topic Index
    • Laws & Regulations
    • By Business Sector
    • By Topic
    • Compliance
    • Enforcement
    • Laws and Executive Orders
    • Regulations
    • Report a Violation
    • Environmental Violations
    • Fraud, Waste or Abuse
    • About EPA
    • Our Mission and What We Do
    • Headquarters Offices
    • Regional Offices
    • Labs and Research Centers
    • Planning, Budget, and Results
    • Organization Chart
    • EPA History
    • Staff Directory

Breadcrumb

  1. Home
  2. Environmental Economics

Working Paper: Climate Response Uncertainty and the Expected Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions

Paper Number: 2008-06

Document Date: 07/2008

Author(s): Stephen C. Newbold and Adam Daigneault

Subject Area(s): Climate Change; Economic Impacts

Keywords: atmospheric greenhouse gas; benefits estimate; climate change policy

Abstract: Some recent research suggests that uncertainty about the response of the climate system to atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations can have a disproportionately large influence on benefits estimates for climate change policies, potentially even dominating the effect of the discount rate. In this paper we conduct a series of numerical simulation experiments to investigate the quantitative significance of climate response uncertainty for economic assessments of climate change. First we characterize climate uncertainty by constructing two probability density functions—a Bayesian model-averaged and a Bayesian updated version—based on a combination of uncertainty ranges for climate sensitivity reported in the scientific literature. Next we estimate the willingness to pay of a representative agent for a range of emissions reduction policies using two simplified economic models. Our results illustrate the potential for large risk premiums in benefits estimates as suggested by the recent theoretical work on climate response uncertainty, and they show that the size and even the sign of the risk premium may depend crucially on how the posterior distribution describing the overall climate sensitivity uncertainty is constructed and on the specific shape of the damage function.

Published: Newbold, Stephen C., and Adam Daigneault. 2009. "Climate response uncertainty and the benefits of greenhouse gas emissions reductions." Environmental and Resource Economics 44(3): 351-377.

This paper is part of the Environmental Economics Working Paper Series.

  • Climate Response Uncertainty and the Expected Benefits of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions (pdf) (1.53 MB, 07/2008)

Environmental Economics

  • Overview of Environmental Economics
    • Seminars and Workshops
    • CGE Modeling for Regulatory Analysis
    • Current Opportunities, Grants and Solicitations
  • EPA Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses
    • SAB 2020 Review of Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses
  • Environmental Economics Reports
    • Working Paper Series
    • Journal Articles and Book Chapters
  • Current Environmental Economic Topics
    • Climate Change
    • Mortality Risk Valuation
  • EPA Datasets
  • EPA Handbook on Land Cleanup and Reuse
  • Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis
  • Peer Review of TSD: Social Cost of Greenhouse Gas Estimates (2023)
  • Retrospective Study of the Costs of EPA Regulations
Contact Us About Environmental Economics
Contact Us About Environmental Economics to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on February 2, 2024
  • Assistance
  • Ayuda
  • Arabic
  • Chinese (simplified)
  • Chinese (traditional)
  • Aide
  • Asistans
  • Korean
  • Assistência
  • Russian
  • Tulong
  • Vietnamese
United States Environmental Protection Agency

Discover.

  • Accessibility Statement
  • Budget & Performance
  • Contracting
  • EPA www Web Snapshot
  • Grants
  • No FEAR Act Data
  • Plain Writing
  • Privacy
  • Privacy and Security Notice

Connect.

  • Data
  • Inspector General
  • Jobs
  • Newsroom
  • Regulations.gov
  • Subscribe
  • USA.gov
  • White House

Ask.

  • Contact EPA
  • EPA Disclaimers
  • Hotlines
  • FOIA Requests
  • Frequent Questions

Follow.