Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Here’s how you know

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

HTTPS

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Emergency

This is not the current EPA website. To navigate to the current EPA website, please go to www.epa.gov. This website is historical material reflecting the EPA website as it existed on January 19, 2025. This website is no longer updated and links to external websites and some internal pages may not work. More information »

    • Environmental Topics
    • Air
    • Bed Bugs
    • Cancer
    • Chemicals, Toxics, and Pesticide
    • Climate Change
    • Emergency Response
    • Environmental Information by Location
    • Environmental Justice
    • Greener Living
    • Health
    • Land, Waste, and Cleanup
    • Lead
    • Mold
    • Radon
    • Research
    • Science Topics
    • Water Topics
    • A-Z Topic Index
    • Laws & Regulations
    • By Business Sector
    • By Topic
    • Compliance
    • Enforcement
    • Laws and Executive Orders
    • Regulations
    • Report a Violation
    • Environmental Violations
    • Fraud, Waste or Abuse
    • About EPA
    • Our Mission and What We Do
    • Headquarters Offices
    • Regional Offices
    • Labs and Research Centers
    • Planning, Budget, and Results
    • Organization Chart
    • EPA History
    • Staff Directory

Breadcrumb

  1. Home
  2. Stationary Sources of Air Pollution

Vinyl Chloride: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)

Vinyl Chloride: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
Basic Information
Legal Authorities
  • 42 U.S.C. §7401
Federal Register Citations
  • 55 FR 28346
  • 54 FR 38938
  • 51 FR 34904
  • 50 FR 1182
  • 47 FR 39485
  • 42 FR 29005
  • 41 FR 53017
  • 41 FR 46559
  • 40 FR 59532
Code of Federal Regulations Citations
  • 40 CFR Part 61 Subpart F
Docket Numbers
  • EPA-HQ-OAR-2004-0243

On this page:

  • Rule Summary
  • Rule History
  • Additional Resources
  • Compliance

Rule Summary

Most of the vinyl chloride produced in the United States is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a material used to manufacture a variety of plastic and vinyl products including pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. Smaller amounts of vinyl chloride are used in furniture and automobile upholstery, wall coverings, housewares, and automotive parts. Vinyl chloride has been used in the past as a refrigerant.

The purpose of the national emission standard for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) is to minimize vinyl chloride emissions from process and fugitive emission sources in ethylene dichloride, vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride production categories to the level attainable with best available control technology.

These rules were developed to protect public health by minimizing the health risks to the people living in the vicinity of these plants and to any additional people who are exposed as a result of new construction.

EPA decided to regulate vinyl chloride because it has been implicated as the causal agent of angiosarcoma and other serious disorders, both carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic.

See the regulations below for more details.

Rule History

07/10/1990 - Final Rule

09/21/1989 - Proposed Rule

09/30/1986 - Final Rule

01/09/1985 - Proposed Rule and Notice of Public Hearing

09/08/1982 - Vinyl Chloride Test Methods Final Rule

06/07/1977 - Correction and Amendments to the Rule

12/03/1976 - Correction to the Rule

10/21/1976 - Final Rule

12/24/1975 - Proposed Rule

Additional Resources

View the supporting documents in the docket folder to find additional related documents to this rule.

Related Rules

Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers Production: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) - 40 CFR 63 Subparts J & HHHHHHH

Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers Production: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Area Sources - 40 CFR 63, Subpart DDDDDD

Compliance

Applicability Determination Index (ADI).  The ADI is maintained by EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) and provides a data base of memoranda dealing with applicability issues.  The database is searchable by Subpart.

Stationary Sources of Air Pollution

  • Stationary Sources of Air Pollution Home
  • Regulations
    • Industry Sector Groups
    • National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
      • Area Source Standards
      • Risk and Technology Review Status
    • New Source Performance Standards
    • Good Neighbor Plan for the 2015 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards
  • Small Business Assistance Program
Contact Us About Stationary Sources of Air Pollution
Contact Us About Stationary Sources of Air Pollution to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on January 15, 2025
  • Assistance
  • Ayuda
  • Arabic
  • Chinese (simplified)
  • Chinese (traditional)
  • Aide
  • Asistans
  • Korean
  • Assistência
  • Russian
  • Tulong
  • Vietnamese
United States Environmental Protection Agency

Discover.

  • Accessibility Statement
  • Budget & Performance
  • Contracting
  • EPA www Web Snapshot
  • Grants
  • No FEAR Act Data
  • Plain Writing
  • Privacy
  • Privacy and Security Notice

Connect.

  • Data
  • Inspector General
  • Jobs
  • Newsroom
  • Regulations.gov
  • Subscribe
  • USA.gov
  • White House

Ask.

  • Contact EPA
  • EPA Disclaimers
  • Hotlines
  • FOIA Requests
  • Frequent Questions

Follow.